Heating baskets

Tungsten wire baskets

The tungsten boats, baskets, and filaments are manufactured from high-grade tungsten. Of all metals in its pure form, tungsten has the highest melting point (3422 °C), the lowest vapor pressure at temperatures above 1650 °C, and the highest tensile strength. Tungsten also has the lowest coefficient of thermal expansion of all pure metals. This combination of properties makes tungsten the ideal material for evaporation sources. During evaporation, it can alloy with some materials such as aluminum or gold. In this case, a different evaporation source material should be used, such as boats or baskets coated with aluminum oxide. Other materials suitable for evaporation sources include molybdenum and tantalum. Detailed information on vacuum deposition and the suitability of evaporation sources can be found in the Deposition Techniques table.

PLE76-1
Tungsten basket with 5 turns
Wire diameter: 0.76 mm / Total length: 47.6 mm
Setting:  2.48 V / 23 A / 57 W for 1800 °C

PE76-2
4-turn tungsten basket
Wire diameter: 0.76 mm / Total length: 47.6 mm
Setting: 2.9 V / 23 A / 67 W for 1800 °C

PLE76-3
Tungsten basket with 5 turns
Wire diameter: 0.76 mm / Total length: 47.6 mm
Setting: 3.77 V / 23 A / 87 W for 1800 °C

PLE76-13
Tungsten basket with 5 turns
Wire diameter: 3 x 0.635 mm / Total length: 47.6 mm
Setting: 2.3 V / 23 A / 90 W for 1800 °C

PLE76-23
4-turn tungsten basket
Wire diameter: 3 x 0.635 mm / Total length: 47.6 mm
Setting: 2.66 V / 42 A / 112 W for 1800 °C

PLE76-33
Tungsten basket with 5 turns
Wire diameter: 3 x 0.635 mm / Total length: 47.6 mm
Setting: 3.54 V / 43 A / 152 W for 1800 °C

Aluminum oxide-coated Tungsten wire baskets

The aluminum oxide-coated tungsten evaporation basket is an efficient design that functions as an internally heated crucible. The ceramic-coated vacuum evaporation baskets have the crucial advantage of requiring relatively low power (63 W to 768 W) to reach a temperature of 1475 °C (high enough to evaporate nickel in a high vacuum). This will allow many researchers to experiment with thermal evaporation who only have access to inexpensive, low-power evaporation supplies. The closed-side crucible shape allows the use of pallets, grains, wires, or even powders as evaporation material for upward evaporation applications. Molten metal evaporators are contained within the cavity as an induction-driven spinning ball. Most materials can be completely evaporated without damaging the crucible. A wide range of evaporation materials can be used in these aluminum oxide-coated sources: Au, Ag, Pd, In, Sn, Sb, Bi, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Co, Ni, Fe, Mn, and alloys such as nichrome and Permalloy. The maximum temperature for this type of aluminum oxide-coated tungsten basket should not exceed 1800 °C. Six different basket sizes are available, with top openings ranging from 0.15" to 0.90" (3.8 mm to 22.9 mm).

PLE84-21
Aluminum oxide-coated tungsten wire basket 
Wire diameter: 0.5 mm / Total length: 101.6 mm
Setting: 5.7 V / 11 A / 63 W for 1475 °C

PLE84-22
Aluminum oxide-coated tungsten wire basket 
Wire diameter: 1 mm / Total length: 101.6 mm
Setting: 6.2 V / 40 A / 248 W for 1475 °C

PLE84-23
Aluminum oxide-coated tungsten wire basket 
Wire diameter: 1 mm / Total length: 101.6 mm
Setting: 6.9 V / 39 A / 272 W for 1475 °C

PLE84-24
Aluminum oxide-coated tungsten wire basket 
Wire diameter: 1 mm / Total length: 80 mm
Setting: 13 V / 33 A / 429 W for 1475 °C

PLE84-25
Aluminum oxide-coated tungsten wire basket 
Wire diameter: 1.27 mm / Total length: 101.6 mm
Setting: 7 V / 50 A / 350 W for 1475 °C

PLE84-27
Aluminum oxide-coated tungsten wire basket 
Wire diameter: 1.27 mm / Total length: 101.6 mm
Setting: 15.8 V / 49 A / 768 W for 1475 °C